Automatic equilibrating device for aeroplanes.



J. DANZIGER.

AUTOMATIC EQUILIBBATING DEVICE FOR AEBOPLANES. APPLICATION FILED K111.1a, 1910.

999,012. Patented July 25,1911.

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JOSEPH DANZIGER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

AUTOMATIC EQUILIBBATING DE VICE FOR AEROPLANES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

1 Application filed March 18, 1910. Serial No. 550,131.

To all whom it may concern:

. -Be it known that I, Josnrn DANZIGER, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinols,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in AutomaticEquilibratlng Devices for Aeroplanes, of which the following, when takenin connection automatic in its operation, to return the.

with the drawing accompanying and forming a part hereof, is a full andcomplete description, sufilcient to enable those skilled in the art towhich it pertains to understand, make, and use the same.

This invention relates to an attachment for aeroplanes of either themonoplane or multiplane type. And the object of the invention is toobtain a device which will be aeroplane into. aposition with theopposite ends of the several planes in a horizontal plane, when from anycause the several planes are inclined, or at an angle to a horizontalplane.

A further object of the invention is to obtain a device which will berapid in action, simple in construction, not liable to get out of order,and having but few parts.

In the drawing referred to I have illustrated a deviceembodying myinvention attached to an aeroplane of the Herring- Curtiss type.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the planes of an aeroplane, with theforward and rear attachments, and the operative mechanism removed,showing a device embodying my invention installed between said planes.Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the planes of an aeroplane, with the frontand rear attachments and the operative mechanism removed, showing adevice embodying the invention installed between the planes thereof.Fig. 3 is an elevation, on an enlarged scale, of a solenoid, an electriccurrent supply and a runway forming elements of a device embodying theinvention and a diagram of wires forming electric conductors. Fig.4: isa vertical section of one end of the runway formingan element of thedevice embodying the invention. .Fig. 5 is a modification of the runwayof the device. Fig. 6

is a cross section on lines 6-6 of Fig. 5,

viewed in the direction indicated by the arrows.

A reference letter applied to designate a given part is used to indicatesuch part throughout the several figures of the drawing wherever thesame appears.

A is the lower plane of an aeroplane of the Herring-Curtiss type.

B is the upper plane thereof and C, C, the standards connecting planes Aand B.

D and E are the ordinary equilibrating planes. 4

' F is a solenoid consisting of a plurality of coils of insulatedelectric conducting wire,

forming sections which are lettered, respectively, (for reference), f,7'', f f f, and F.

G is the armature of coil F. Armature G is illustrated as made of softiron portions 9, 9, connected by part 9 (Fig. 3), of nonmagneticmaterial.

9 g, are coils of insulated electric conducting wire set into suitablerecesses in portions, 9, g, of armature G.

H is a curved tube.

I, I, I I I, I, and J, J, J J J, J are electric terminals set in thewalls of the tube I-I. Tube H may be made of electric conductingmaterial, in which case the terminals of the I and J series areinsulated therefrom by nonelectric conducting material K, 70.

L, (Fig. 4), is an, electric conductor in tube H. I have illustratedelectric conductor L as consisting of a number of metal balls.

When tube H is in the position illustrated in Fig. 3 the electricconductor L is not in contact with any of the terminals of the I, J,series, but said conductor will flow as a fluid in said tube and whenthe illustrated position of said tube (which I term its level position)is changed by raisin or lowering one end thereof relative to t e otherend, and conductor will flow toward the lower end, and electricallyconnect the terminals of the I series which are located on the loweredside of tube H with the terminals of the J series which are located onsaid side.

Tube H is attached rigidly in place on the aeroplane. and when one endof said aeroplane is lower than the other end, the corresponding end ofsaid tube H is lower and the electric conductor L flows toward the lowerendof said tube, as described. As the electric conductor flows towardone end the terminals I, J, and I, J, and I, J,

Patented July 25, 1911.

are successively electrically connected, and as said electric conductorflows toward the other end of said tube the terminals 1, J 1 J and I J,are electrically connected.

N, N, are wires from the batteries M, M.

n, n, n n n "a are branch wires from wire N to corresponding terminalsJ, J, J J J and J O, O, O O are wires from corresponding terminals I, 1,l l I 1 to corresponding coiled wire sections f, f, f f f F, of thesolenoid F.

P, P, P P P, P are wires from corresponding coiled wire sections f, f, ff f f, to wire N; forming branch connections from said wire to saidsections.

p, p, are the ends of the wires forming COll g and are attached to wires0, N, respectively.

79 37 are the ends of coil and are attached to wires and. N,respectively. When conductor L electrically connects terminals I, J, acurrent may flow from the batteries M, M, on wire N, branch wire a,terminal J, conductor L, terminal 1, wire 0, the coiled wire section f,and wires P and N back to the batteries, thus energizing coil f of thesolenoid F. The coil 9 is in shunt with the circuit established as aboveset out, and the said coil 9 is energized thus ma netizing the portion 9of the armature The coiled wire section f and the coil 9 are Wound withrelation to each other so that magnetizing of the part 9 of the armatureas described increases the traction between the solenoid and thearmature. The coil in the same manner, is in shunt with the circuitestablished by the flow of electric conductor L, in tube H, to connectterminals I and J Q, Q, are rotatably mounted pulleys.

R, r, R, r, are flexible connections which I are respectively attachedto planes E, D, and

armature G and arranged over pulleys Q, Q; so that movement of thearmature moves the planes. Connections R, 1", control the movements ofplane D, and connect-ions R, 1', control the movement of plane E. Whenthe rear edge of plane D is raised, by the raising of armature G fromthe position thereof illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, (drawing connection Rand paying out connection 1') the rear edge of the drawing in ofconnection R and the paying out of connection 1- and when said armatureis depressed the opposite movement is imparted to said planes D, E.

The modification of runway H which is illustrated in Figs. 5 and 7 comrises the curved rod H in frame it in p ace of a. curved tube,. and themodification of the electric conductor L and terminals of the l and Jseries, comprises the mounting of a carriage L on said curved rod andthe mounting the terminals of said series on plane E is depressed byframe it so that as the carriage moves between any two of said series anelectrical connection is established.

Z, Z, are rollers pivoted in carriage L to support said carriage and Zis a roller pivoted in carriage L to hold'rollers Z, Z, on rod H. Whenthe ends of the curved rod H are at difierentlevels the carriage orconductor L will automatically run toward the lower end, the same asconductor H flows to the lower end of tube L.

The operation of the device is as follows ;When planes A, B, arehorizontal none of the terminals of the I and J series are in electricalconnection. When planes A, B, become inclined or moved out of ahorizontal plane, (say the left hand ends the1eof, (Fig. 'l) are lowerthan the right hand ends) the conductor L (or L) will move toward theleft in curved tube H, (or on rod H) and terminals 1 connected by saidconductor. The section f of the solenoid. F will be energized and thearmature G will be raised. Raising of armature G depresses the rear edgeof plane D and raises the rear end of plane E. Said position of planes Dand E tends to return planes A and B into horizontal planes. Should theassumed tilt of-said planes A, B, be sufficient to move the conductor toconnect terminals 1 J sections f and f are successively energized andconsiderable depression of the rear edge of plane D with correspondingraising of the rear edge of plane E is quickly effected. When planes A,B, tilt in the opposite manner that is, when the right hand ends(Fig. 1) are lower than the left hand ends the conductor L (or L) movesto the right in tube H (or on rod H), and the opposite movement isautomatically given to the rear edge of planes D, E, (that is the rearedge of plane D is moved up and the rear edge of plane E is moved down.)

The several Ways of controlling and determining the path of the movablecon ductor have in view the obtaining of an arc 'in which the saidconductor will be at all times at the lowest point from the effect ofgravity. In suchconstruction when the ends ofthe are are moved out of ahorizontal plane as by the raising and lowering of opposite ends of-plalle, travel- "obtai the r main planes of an aero- H the. movableconductor is jned by gra ty, and the terminals provided therefor 'are;l,alternately electrically connected and disconnected.

Having thus describedmy invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1.. An aeroplane, movable planes on saidaeroplane, electric conductor and a curved runway co-acting with saidconductor to control the position of the conductor and determine itspath of movement, in combination with electric terminals positioned inthe path of movement of the conductor, an electromagnetic coil, anarmature to said coil, means to connect said armature to said movablelanes, an electrical supply and additional electric conductors inelectric connection with the electric terminals, theelectromagneticcoiland the electrical sup- I )l res ectivel I A inovablia electricconductor and a curved runway co-acting with said conductor to controlthe position of the conductor and determine its path of movement, incombination with electric terminals arranged in pairs which arepositioned in the path of movement of the conductor, said conductorarranged to electrically connect pairs of said terminals when inposition between them, an electromagnetic coil forming a solenoid, anelectrical supply and additional electric conductors in electricconnection with the electric terminals, the electromagnetic coil and theelectrical supply, respectively, an armature to co-act wit the solenoid,pivoted planes, and flexible connections between said planes and thearmature, with guide rollers for said flexible connections.

3. A movable electric conductor and a curved runway coactin with saidconductor to control the positlon of the conductor and determine itspath of movement, in combination with a luralit of pairs of electricterminals positioned in the path of movement of the conductor andelectrically connected by said conductor when it moves into contact withthem, an electroma netic coil forming a solenoid, an electrica supply,and additional electric conductors in electric connection with theelectric terminals, the electromagnetic coil and the electrical supply,respectively, an armature to co-act with the electromagnetic coil, -saidarmature comprisingsoft iron ends joined by a nonmagnetic bar positionedin' the coil, pivoted planesand 'means to connect said armature to' saidplanes.

4. A movable electric conductor and a curved runway co-acting with saidconductor to control the position of the conductor and determine itspath of movement, in combination with a luralit of pairs of electricterminals positioned in the path of movement of the conductor andelectrically connected when in contact therewith, an electromagneticcoil wound in sections, an armature to said coil, pivoted planes andmeans to connect said armature to said planes, an electrical supply, andadditional electric conductors in electric connection with the electricterminals, the sections of the electromagnetic coil and the electricalsupply, respectively, and said movable conductor being of suflicientsize to be in electric contact with a plurality of said pairs one end ofthe runway below the other end is obtained and said airs of terminalspositioned so that when t e ends of said runway are in a horizontalplane said movable conductor is not in electric connection with any pairof said terminals. 4

5. A movable electric conductor and a curved runway co-acting with saidconductor to control the position of the conductor and determine itspath of movement, in combination with a luralit of pairs of electricterminals positioned 1n the path of movement of the conductor, anelectroma netic coil, an electrical su ply, and add1-. tional electricconductors 1n electric connection with the electric terminals, the electromagnetic coil and the electrical supply, respectively, and saidmovable conductor 1n electric contact with a plurality of said pairs ofterminals when suflicient depression of one end of the runway below theother I end is obtained and said pairs of terminals being positioned sothat when the ends of said runway are in a horizontal plane said movableconductor is not in electric connection with any pair ofsaid terminals,and an armature, to co-act with the electromagnetic coil, pivotedplanes, and flexible connections between said planes and the armature,with guide rollers for said flexible connections. p

6. A 'movable electric conductor and a curved runway co-acting with saidconductor to control the position of the conductor and determine itspath of movement, in combination with a luralit of pairs of electricterminals positioned 1n the path of movement of the conductor, saidpairs of terminals being electrically connected when said conductormoves into contact with them, an electromagnetic coil com rising aplurality of sections, an electrical supply, and additional electricconductors in electric connection with the electric terminals, therespective sections of the electromagnetic coil and the electricalsupply, respectively, and said movable conductor being in electriccontact with a plurality of said pairs of terminals when suflicientdepression of one end of the runway below the other end is obtained, andsaid pairs of terminals being positioned so that when the ends of saidrunway are in a horizontal plane said movable conductor is not inelectric connection with any pair of said terminals, ivoted planes, anarmature to co-act with t e electromagnetic coil, said armaturecomprising soft iron ends joined b a nonmagnetic bar positionedin thecoi and means to connect said armature to said planes.

7 The combination of an aeroplane provided with a plane the ends whereofare normally level, with a base, a movable electric conductor on saidbase and means to attach of terminals when suflicient depression of saidbase to said plane, whereby the position of the movable conductor may bechanged by the tilting of the ends of the plane in opposite directions,and a plurality of pairs of electric terminals positioned so that themembers of a pair are electrically connected by contact with saidconductor, an electromagnetic coil comprising a pluralit of sections, anelectrical suppljf and a ditional electric conductors in e ectricconnection with the electric terminals, with corresponding sections ofthe electroma netic coil and the electrical supply, respectively andsaid movable conductor being in electric contact with a plurality ofsaid pairs of terminals when. moved into determined position by timeWith any pair of said terminals,

seems the tilting of the ends of the plane out of a horizontal plane andsaid pairs of terminals being positioned so that when the ends ef saidplane are in a horizontal plane said movable conductor is not inelectric connecan armature to co-act with the electromagnetic coil,additional and pivoted planes, and flexible connections between saidpivoted planes and the armature, with guide rollers for said flexibleconnections.

Cnnnnns TURNER BROWN, Conn A. ADAMS.

